PINE LIBRARY
Pattern Atlas : Candlestick [AxeAlgo]
Pattern Atlas : Candlestick [AxeAlgo]
WHAT THIS LIBRARY IS
This is a Pine Script v6 library of 23 candlestick pattern detectors — one exported function per pattern family, each doing pure open/high/low/close arithmetic against the current or a specified historical bar. There is no plotting, no alerts, and no inputs in this script by design: a library's job is to hand other scripts a clean, reusable, well-documented API, not to draw on a chart itself (Pine doesn't allow a library to plot anything anyway). If you're looking for a ready-to-use indicator built on top of this library, see the companion "Pattern Atlas : Candlestick Scanner [AxeAlgo]" script, which imports every function here and turns it into on-chart signals, a live scanner table, and alerts.(will be published soon)
Candlestick reading is one of the oldest and most widely taught tools in technical analysis, going back to Steve Nison's work bringing Japanese candlestick charting to Western traders. The patterns in this library follow that standard catalog (cross-checked against TA-Lib's CDL* function list, the closest thing to an industry-standard reference), so anyone who already knows what a Morning Star or a Bullish Engulfing bar looks like will recognize exactly what each function is checking for.
WHY A LIBRARY INSTEAD OF ONE MONOLITHIC INDICATOR
Splitting detection logic out as an importable library means:
- Any Pine coder building their own strategy, indicator, or screener can pull in exactly the pattern checks they need without copy-pasting candlestick math into every new script.
- The detection logic is tested and maintained in one place. When a threshold gets refined, everything importing this library benefits from the update by bumping one version number.
- It keeps the math separate from presentation — how a pattern gets drawn, colored, or alerted on is a completely separate decision from whether the pattern is actually present, and different users want different presentations.
HOW TO IMPORT AND USE IT
Add this line near the top of your script (adjust the version number to whatever the current published version is):
import AxeAlgo/PatternCandlestick/1 as cdl
Then call any function directly. Every function returns the same structure, called CandleMatch, so the calling pattern is identical no matter which of the 23 you use:
match = cdl.detectDoji()
if match.found
label.new(bar_index, low, match.patternName)
CandleMatch has six fields:
- found — true if the pattern matched at the evaluated bar, false otherwise.
- patternName — the specific name of what matched (e.g. "Hanging Man"), na when not found.
- direction — "bullish", "bearish", or "neutral".
- barIndex — the bar_index the pattern completes on.
- barsUsed — how many bars the pattern spans (1, 2, 3, or 5 for the one continuation pattern that needs a 5-bar read).
- description — a full sentence naming the pattern and the actual measured values that triggered it (body size as a percent of range, wick-to-body multiples, or the specific price levels involved, depending on the pattern) — genuinely useful for a tooltip or an alert message, not just a repeat of the pattern name.
Every function also accepts an optional offset parameter (default 0, meaning the current/most recent bar) if you want to check a pattern further back in history, plus its own set of tunable threshold parameters — how strict the "small body" or "long wick" cutoffs are — all exposed with sensible defaults so you don't have to touch them unless you want to tighten or loosen a specific pattern's sensitivity for a particular instrument.
THE 23 PATTERNS
Single-bar patterns (9) — each reads one candle's own open/high/low/close shape:
- Doji — detectDoji(). Body is negligible relative to the bar's range; open and close land almost on top of each other. Neutral.
- Long-Legged Doji — detectLongLeggedDoji(). A doji with long wicks on both sides — both directions were pushed and rejected in the same bar. Neutral.
- Dragonfly Doji — detectDragonflyDoji(). A doji with a long lower wick and almost no upper wick — buyers rejected the lows. Bullish.
- Gravestone Doji — detectGravestoneDoji(). A doji with a long upper wick and almost no lower wick — sellers rejected the highs. Bearish.
- Hammer / Hanging Man — detectHammerHangingMan(). Small body, long lower wick, negligible upper wick — the same shape read two ways depending on the prior trend: a Hammer after a decline (bullish), a Hanging Man after an advance (bearish). The function infers the prior trend automatically from a lookback window, or you can supply your own trend context.
- Inverted Hammer / Shooting Star — detectInvertedHammerShootingStar(). The mirror shape (long upper wick, negligible lower wick), same trend-dependent split: Inverted Hammer after a decline (bullish), Shooting Star after an advance (bearish).
- Marubozu — detectMarubozu(). A full-bodied candle with negligible wicks on either side — one side was in complete control from open to close. Direction follows the body color.
- Spinning Top — detectSpinningTop(). Small body with real wicks on both sides, roughly balanced — pushes both up and down failed. Neutral.
- Belt Hold — detectBeltHold(). Opens at (or almost at) one extreme with almost no wick on the opening side, then closes strongly the other way — one side controlled the entire session from the opening bell.
Two-bar patterns (6) — each compares the current bar against the one before it:
- Engulfing — detectEngulfing(). The current bar's body fully covers the prior bar's opposite-colored body.
- Harami — detectHarami(). The current bar's body sits fully inside the prior bar's opposite-colored body — the inverse of Engulfing, read as the move stalling.
- Harami Cross — detectHaramiCross(). A Harami where the contained bar is also a doji — a stronger version of the stall.
- Piercing Line / Dark Cloud Cover — detectPiercingDarkCloud(). The current bar opens beyond the prior bar's extreme and closes back past its midpoint — Piercing Line is the bullish version after a decline, Dark Cloud Cover the bearish version after an advance.
- Tweezer Top / Bottom — detectTweezer(). Two consecutive bars sharing a near-identical high (Tweezer Top, bearish) or low (Tweezer Bottom, bullish) — the level held on both attempts.
- Kicker — detectKicker(). A gap between two opposite-colored bars with zero overlap between their bodies — an abrupt, no-transition reversal in sentiment.
Three-bar-and-longer patterns (8) — each reads a short sequence of bars together:
- Morning Star / Evening Star — detectStar(). A large bar, a small bar gapped away from it, then a third bar closing back past the midpoint of the first — the classic three-bar reversal, bullish (Morning) at the bottom or bearish (Evening) at the top.
- Morning Doji Star / Evening Doji Star — detectDojiStar(). The same structure as the Star pattern above, but the middle bar is specifically a doji — a stronger version of the signal.
- Three White Soldiers / Three Black Crows — detectThreeSoldiersCrows(). Three consecutive same-direction bars, each opening inside the prior body and closing beyond the prior close — steady, sustained buying or selling.
- Three Inside Up / Down — detectThreeInside(). A Harami followed by a third bar closing beyond the first bar's open, confirming the stall seen in the Harami actually turned into a reversal.
- Three Outside Up / Down — detectThreeOutside(). An Engulfing followed by a third bar extending the same move, confirming the reversal.
- Abandoned Baby — detectAbandonedBaby(). A Doji Star with a genuine price gap (not just a wick gap) on both sides of the middle bar — a rare, high-conviction reversal.
- Rising / Falling Three Methods — detectThreeMethods(). A strong trend bar, three small counter-trend bars fully contained inside its range, then a bar resuming the original direction beyond the first bar's close — the trend paused without reversing. This is the one pattern spanning 5 bars rather than 1-3.
- Stick Sandwich — detectStickSandwich(). Two bearish bars with matching closes sandwiching one bullish bar in between — sellers failed to push the close any lower on the second attempt.
WHAT THIS LIBRARY DELIBERATELY DOES NOT DO
No plotting, no drawing, no alertcondition() calls, and no inputs — Pine doesn't allow any of those inside a library in the first place, since a library can never be added to a chart on its own. If you want signals, a scanner table, or alerts, import this library into your own script (or use the companion "Pattern Atlas : Candlestick Scanner [AxeAlgo]" indicator, which does exactly that) rather than expecting this script to render anything by itself.
This library also does not evaluate multi-timeframe data, volume, or broader market structure — it's candlestick shape and price-only, on purpose, so its behavior is easy to reason about and easy to reuse as one building block among several.
PART OF A LARGER SERIES
This is Library #1 in the AxeAlgo Pattern Atlas — a planned set of Pine libraries splitting pattern detection by the method actually used to find each kind of pattern: candlestick shape (this library), classical chart/geometric patterns (trendline-based structures like triangles, head and shoulders, flags), harmonic patterns (Fibonacci-ratio XABCD structures), and market-structure concepts (order blocks, liquidity, Wyckoff-style events). Each library is independent and useful on its own; together they're meant to cover technical pattern analysis without forcing unrelated detection methods into the same function.
A NOTE ON REPAINTING
Every function here evaluates whatever bar you point it at (the current bar by default, via the offset parameter) using that bar's own open/high/low/close. On the currently-forming bar, those values are still changing tick to tick — that's inherent to reading live price action, not a defect in this library. If you're building persisted signals, drawings, or alerts on top of these functions (rather than a live "what's happening right now" readout), gate your usage on barstate.isconfirmed so a signal only fires once the bar it describes has actually closed, exactly like the companion scanner indicator does.
DISCLAIMER
This library is a technical analysis tool for identifying classical candlestick shapes in historical and live price data. It does not predict future price movement, and a detected pattern is a description of past price action, not a signal guaranteed to repeat. Nothing in this script constitutes financial advice. Always combine pattern recognition with your own risk management and broader analysis before making any trading decision.
WHAT THIS LIBRARY IS
This is a Pine Script v6 library of 23 candlestick pattern detectors — one exported function per pattern family, each doing pure open/high/low/close arithmetic against the current or a specified historical bar. There is no plotting, no alerts, and no inputs in this script by design: a library's job is to hand other scripts a clean, reusable, well-documented API, not to draw on a chart itself (Pine doesn't allow a library to plot anything anyway). If you're looking for a ready-to-use indicator built on top of this library, see the companion "Pattern Atlas : Candlestick Scanner [AxeAlgo]" script, which imports every function here and turns it into on-chart signals, a live scanner table, and alerts.(will be published soon)
Candlestick reading is one of the oldest and most widely taught tools in technical analysis, going back to Steve Nison's work bringing Japanese candlestick charting to Western traders. The patterns in this library follow that standard catalog (cross-checked against TA-Lib's CDL* function list, the closest thing to an industry-standard reference), so anyone who already knows what a Morning Star or a Bullish Engulfing bar looks like will recognize exactly what each function is checking for.
WHY A LIBRARY INSTEAD OF ONE MONOLITHIC INDICATOR
Splitting detection logic out as an importable library means:
- Any Pine coder building their own strategy, indicator, or screener can pull in exactly the pattern checks they need without copy-pasting candlestick math into every new script.
- The detection logic is tested and maintained in one place. When a threshold gets refined, everything importing this library benefits from the update by bumping one version number.
- It keeps the math separate from presentation — how a pattern gets drawn, colored, or alerted on is a completely separate decision from whether the pattern is actually present, and different users want different presentations.
HOW TO IMPORT AND USE IT
Add this line near the top of your script (adjust the version number to whatever the current published version is):
import AxeAlgo/PatternCandlestick/1 as cdl
Then call any function directly. Every function returns the same structure, called CandleMatch, so the calling pattern is identical no matter which of the 23 you use:
match = cdl.detectDoji()
if match.found
label.new(bar_index, low, match.patternName)
CandleMatch has six fields:
- found — true if the pattern matched at the evaluated bar, false otherwise.
- patternName — the specific name of what matched (e.g. "Hanging Man"), na when not found.
- direction — "bullish", "bearish", or "neutral".
- barIndex — the bar_index the pattern completes on.
- barsUsed — how many bars the pattern spans (1, 2, 3, or 5 for the one continuation pattern that needs a 5-bar read).
- description — a full sentence naming the pattern and the actual measured values that triggered it (body size as a percent of range, wick-to-body multiples, or the specific price levels involved, depending on the pattern) — genuinely useful for a tooltip or an alert message, not just a repeat of the pattern name.
Every function also accepts an optional offset parameter (default 0, meaning the current/most recent bar) if you want to check a pattern further back in history, plus its own set of tunable threshold parameters — how strict the "small body" or "long wick" cutoffs are — all exposed with sensible defaults so you don't have to touch them unless you want to tighten or loosen a specific pattern's sensitivity for a particular instrument.
THE 23 PATTERNS
Single-bar patterns (9) — each reads one candle's own open/high/low/close shape:
- Doji — detectDoji(). Body is negligible relative to the bar's range; open and close land almost on top of each other. Neutral.
- Long-Legged Doji — detectLongLeggedDoji(). A doji with long wicks on both sides — both directions were pushed and rejected in the same bar. Neutral.
- Dragonfly Doji — detectDragonflyDoji(). A doji with a long lower wick and almost no upper wick — buyers rejected the lows. Bullish.
- Gravestone Doji — detectGravestoneDoji(). A doji with a long upper wick and almost no lower wick — sellers rejected the highs. Bearish.
- Hammer / Hanging Man — detectHammerHangingMan(). Small body, long lower wick, negligible upper wick — the same shape read two ways depending on the prior trend: a Hammer after a decline (bullish), a Hanging Man after an advance (bearish). The function infers the prior trend automatically from a lookback window, or you can supply your own trend context.
- Inverted Hammer / Shooting Star — detectInvertedHammerShootingStar(). The mirror shape (long upper wick, negligible lower wick), same trend-dependent split: Inverted Hammer after a decline (bullish), Shooting Star after an advance (bearish).
- Marubozu — detectMarubozu(). A full-bodied candle with negligible wicks on either side — one side was in complete control from open to close. Direction follows the body color.
- Spinning Top — detectSpinningTop(). Small body with real wicks on both sides, roughly balanced — pushes both up and down failed. Neutral.
- Belt Hold — detectBeltHold(). Opens at (or almost at) one extreme with almost no wick on the opening side, then closes strongly the other way — one side controlled the entire session from the opening bell.
Two-bar patterns (6) — each compares the current bar against the one before it:
- Engulfing — detectEngulfing(). The current bar's body fully covers the prior bar's opposite-colored body.
- Harami — detectHarami(). The current bar's body sits fully inside the prior bar's opposite-colored body — the inverse of Engulfing, read as the move stalling.
- Harami Cross — detectHaramiCross(). A Harami where the contained bar is also a doji — a stronger version of the stall.
- Piercing Line / Dark Cloud Cover — detectPiercingDarkCloud(). The current bar opens beyond the prior bar's extreme and closes back past its midpoint — Piercing Line is the bullish version after a decline, Dark Cloud Cover the bearish version after an advance.
- Tweezer Top / Bottom — detectTweezer(). Two consecutive bars sharing a near-identical high (Tweezer Top, bearish) or low (Tweezer Bottom, bullish) — the level held on both attempts.
- Kicker — detectKicker(). A gap between two opposite-colored bars with zero overlap between their bodies — an abrupt, no-transition reversal in sentiment.
Three-bar-and-longer patterns (8) — each reads a short sequence of bars together:
- Morning Star / Evening Star — detectStar(). A large bar, a small bar gapped away from it, then a third bar closing back past the midpoint of the first — the classic three-bar reversal, bullish (Morning) at the bottom or bearish (Evening) at the top.
- Morning Doji Star / Evening Doji Star — detectDojiStar(). The same structure as the Star pattern above, but the middle bar is specifically a doji — a stronger version of the signal.
- Three White Soldiers / Three Black Crows — detectThreeSoldiersCrows(). Three consecutive same-direction bars, each opening inside the prior body and closing beyond the prior close — steady, sustained buying or selling.
- Three Inside Up / Down — detectThreeInside(). A Harami followed by a third bar closing beyond the first bar's open, confirming the stall seen in the Harami actually turned into a reversal.
- Three Outside Up / Down — detectThreeOutside(). An Engulfing followed by a third bar extending the same move, confirming the reversal.
- Abandoned Baby — detectAbandonedBaby(). A Doji Star with a genuine price gap (not just a wick gap) on both sides of the middle bar — a rare, high-conviction reversal.
- Rising / Falling Three Methods — detectThreeMethods(). A strong trend bar, three small counter-trend bars fully contained inside its range, then a bar resuming the original direction beyond the first bar's close — the trend paused without reversing. This is the one pattern spanning 5 bars rather than 1-3.
- Stick Sandwich — detectStickSandwich(). Two bearish bars with matching closes sandwiching one bullish bar in between — sellers failed to push the close any lower on the second attempt.
WHAT THIS LIBRARY DELIBERATELY DOES NOT DO
No plotting, no drawing, no alertcondition() calls, and no inputs — Pine doesn't allow any of those inside a library in the first place, since a library can never be added to a chart on its own. If you want signals, a scanner table, or alerts, import this library into your own script (or use the companion "Pattern Atlas : Candlestick Scanner [AxeAlgo]" indicator, which does exactly that) rather than expecting this script to render anything by itself.
This library also does not evaluate multi-timeframe data, volume, or broader market structure — it's candlestick shape and price-only, on purpose, so its behavior is easy to reason about and easy to reuse as one building block among several.
PART OF A LARGER SERIES
This is Library #1 in the AxeAlgo Pattern Atlas — a planned set of Pine libraries splitting pattern detection by the method actually used to find each kind of pattern: candlestick shape (this library), classical chart/geometric patterns (trendline-based structures like triangles, head and shoulders, flags), harmonic patterns (Fibonacci-ratio XABCD structures), and market-structure concepts (order blocks, liquidity, Wyckoff-style events). Each library is independent and useful on its own; together they're meant to cover technical pattern analysis without forcing unrelated detection methods into the same function.
A NOTE ON REPAINTING
Every function here evaluates whatever bar you point it at (the current bar by default, via the offset parameter) using that bar's own open/high/low/close. On the currently-forming bar, those values are still changing tick to tick — that's inherent to reading live price action, not a defect in this library. If you're building persisted signals, drawings, or alerts on top of these functions (rather than a live "what's happening right now" readout), gate your usage on barstate.isconfirmed so a signal only fires once the bar it describes has actually closed, exactly like the companion scanner indicator does.
DISCLAIMER
This library is a technical analysis tool for identifying classical candlestick shapes in historical and live price data. It does not predict future price movement, and a detected pattern is a description of past price action, not a signal guaranteed to repeat. Nothing in this script constitutes financial advice. Always combine pattern recognition with your own risk management and broader analysis before making any trading decision.
Pineライブラリ
TradingViewの精神に則り、作者はこのPineコードをオープンソースライブラリとして公開してくれました。コミュニティの他のPineプログラマーが再利用できるようにという配慮です。作者に拍手を！このライブラリは個人利用や他のオープンソースの公開コンテンツで使用できますが、公開物でのコードの再利用はハウスルールに準じる必要があります。
◆ AxeAlgo | axealgo.com
6 years building Pine Script indicators & strategies
6 years building Pine Script indicators & strategies
免責事項
これらの情報および投稿は、TradingViewが提供または承認する金融、投資、取引、またはその他の種類の助言もしくは推奨であることを意図したものではなく、またこれらに該当するものでもありません。詳細は利用規約をご覧ください。
Pineライブラリ
TradingViewの精神に則り、作者はこのPineコードをオープンソースライブラリとして公開してくれました。コミュニティの他のPineプログラマーが再利用できるようにという配慮です。作者に拍手を！このライブラリは個人利用や他のオープンソースの公開コンテンツで使用できますが、公開物でのコードの再利用はハウスルールに準じる必要があります。
◆ AxeAlgo | axealgo.com
6 years building Pine Script indicators & strategies
6 years building Pine Script indicators & strategies
免責事項
これらの情報および投稿は、TradingViewが提供または承認する金融、投資、取引、またはその他の種類の助言もしくは推奨であることを意図したものではなく、またこれらに該当するものでもありません。詳細は利用規約をご覧ください。