Syarikat-syarikat Argentina membangunkan perisian dipakejkan

Pembuat perisian berbungkus mencipta dan mengedarkan aplikasi perdagangan sedia ada. Ketidaktentuan muncul di sini apabila belanjawan pelesenan korporat atau permintaan pengguna beralih. Dalam sesi hari ini, Nebius Group N.V. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Shs ialah pemimpin volum, manakala Microsoft Corporation Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.03333333 Shs memperoleh peningkatan terbanyak dalam tempoh 24 jam. Jadual di bawah menjejak metrik asas dan teknikal yang penting untuk saham-saham ini.
Simbol
Permodalan pasaran
Harga
Perubahan %
Volum
Volum relatif
P/E
EPS cair
TTM
Pertumbuhan EPS cair
TTM YoY
Hasil dividen %
TTM
Sektor
Penarafan penganalisa
MSFTBMicrosoft Corporation Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.03333333 Shs
DR
6,389.29 T ARS28,840 ARS+37.86%25.05 K1.2031.34920.22 ARS+72.45%0.41%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
MSFT.CIMicrosoft Corporation Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.03333333 Shs
DR
6,389.29 T ARS29,200.00 ARS−5.99%19.9 K1.3931.73920.22 ARS+72.45%0.41%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
MSFTMicrosoft Corporation Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.03333333 Shs
DR
6,389.29 T ARS29,440 ARS−1.14%88.96 K0.3931.99920.22 ARS+72.45%0.41%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
MSFTDMicrosoft Corporation Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.03333333 Shs
DR
6,389.29 T ARS18.91 USD−0.68%9.34 K0.1931.37920.22 ARS+56.02%0.41%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
MSFTCMicrosoft Corporation Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.03333333 Shs
DR
6,389.29 T ARS17.96 USD+0.62%210.0229.80920.22 ARS+56.02%0.41%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PLTR.CIPalantir Technologies Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.3333333333 Sh
DR
640.42 T ARS86,125.0 ARS−9.63%9582.25125.44686.59 ARS+302.37%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PLTRPalantir Technologies Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.3333333333 Sh
DR
640.42 T ARS89,000 ARS+3.01%3.66 K0.34129.63686.59 ARS+302.37%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PLTRCPalantir Technologies Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.3333333333 Sh
DR
640.42 T ARS54.5 USD−4.39%20.06121.19686.59 ARS+264.02%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PLTRDPalantir Technologies Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.3333333333 Sh
DR
640.42 T ARS57.2 USD+5.54%2230.27127.19686.59 ARS+264.02%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ORCL.CIOracle Corporation Shs Cert.Deposito Arg.Repr. 0.3333 Shs
DR
579.14 T ARS65,300.00 ARS−6.78%9831.1421.473,041.54 ARS+92.96%0.92%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ORCLOracle Corporation Shs Cert.Deposito Arg.Repr. 0.3333 Shs
DR
579.14 T ARS64,400 ARS+0.08%43.13 K0.4521.173,041.54 ARS+92.96%0.92%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ORCLDOracle Corporation Shs Cert.Deposito Arg.Repr. 0.3333 Shs
DR
579.14 T ARS40.99 USD−0.61%5760.2720.363,041.54 ARS+71.92%0.92%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ORCLCOracle Corporation Shs Cert.Deposito Arg.Repr. 0.3333 Shs
DR
579.14 T ARS39.00 USD−5.89%10.0919.373,041.54 ARS+71.92%0.92%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PANWPalo Alto Networks, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02 Sh
DR
441.12 T ARS10,440 ARS−0.10%15.39 K1.24721.8814.46 ARS−57.21%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PANW.CIPalo Alto Networks, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02 Sh
DR
441.12 T ARS10,610.00 ARS−10.46%8761.17733.6314.46 ARS−57.21%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PANWDPalo Alto Networks, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02 Sh
DR
441.12 T ARS6.70 USD−0.74%7.5 K4.55688.3714.46 ARS−60.50%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PANWCPalo Alto Networks, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02 Sh
DR
441.12 T ARS7.06 USD+1.00%20.18725.3614.46 ARS−60.50%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SAPSAP SE ADR Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.16666667 ADRs
DR
434.87 T ARS64,650 ARS−5.00%1.65 K0.495.3112,180.88 ARS+24.74%1.17%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SAP.CISAP SE ADR Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.16666667 ADRs
DR
434.87 T ARS67,800.00 ARS+0.37%100.115.5712,180.88 ARS+24.74%1.17%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SAPDSAP SE ADR Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.16666667 ADRs
DR
434.87 T ARS41.52 USD−4.57%480.385.2012,180.88 ARS+12.86%1.17%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRWD.CICrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.012658 Shs
DR
381.99 T ARS4,590.000 ARS−10.61%1.19 K1.736,975.680.66 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRWDCrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.012658 Shs
DR
381.99 T ARS4,605.0 ARS+2.33%29.39 K0.756,998.480.66 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRWDDCrowdStrike Holdings, Inc. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.012658 Shs
DR
381.99 T ARS2.875 USD−2.54%16.83 K7.576,492.270.66 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRM.CISalesforce, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.055555555 Shs
DR
289.34 T ARS20,280.00 ARS−4.47%6240.9323.38867.27 ARS+111.49%0.43%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRMSalesforce, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.055555555 Shs
DR
289.34 T ARS19,880 ARS+1.95%5.68 K0.5122.92867.27 ARS+111.49%0.43%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRMDSalesforce, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.055555555 Shs
DR
289.34 T ARS12.64 USD+0.48%350.0321.66867.27 ARS+95.25%0.43%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRMCSalesforce, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.055555555 Shs
DR
289.34 T ARS12.80 USD−3.76%10.0121.93867.27 ARS+95.25%0.43%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ADPAutomatic Data Processing Inc Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.16666667 Shs
DR
185.49 T ARS84,850 ARS−0.50%8601.6931.322,709.34 ARS+41.87%1.21%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ADPDAutomatic Data Processing Inc Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.16666667 Shs
DR
185.49 T ARS53.1 USD−0.38%100.2629.922,709.34 ARS+28.35%1.21%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NOW.CIServiceNow, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0058139 Sh
DR
174.84 T ARS984.500 ARS−6.42%23.66 K1.280.00343,000.04 ARS+5.50%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NOWServiceNow, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0058139 Sh
DR
174.84 T ARS988.0 ARS−0.20%81.02 K0.060.00343,000.04 ARS+5.50%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NOWCServiceNow, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0058139 Sh
DR
174.84 T ARS0.606 USD−3.96%510.060.00343,000.04 ARS−4.56%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NOWDServiceNow, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0058139 Sh
DR
174.84 T ARS0.634 USD−0.47%1.54 K0.030.00343,000.04 ARS−4.56%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SNOWSnowflake, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.033333
DR
158.71 T ARS15,400 ARS+3.15%6370.22—−149.80 ARS−1.88%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SNOW.CISnowflake, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.033333
DR
158.71 T ARS15,250.00 ARS−1.61%2562.48—−149.80 ARS−1.88%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SNOWCSnowflake, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.033333
DR
158.71 T ARS9.78 USD−11.01%13——−149.80 ARS+5.95%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SNOWDSnowflake, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.033333
DR
158.71 T ARS9.69 USD+1.68%140.03—−149.80 ARS+5.95%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ADBE.CIAdobe Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02272727
DR
149.7 T ARS9,190.00 ARS−2.96%3.49 K0.9515.76583.25 ARS+45.44%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ADBEBAdobe Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02272727
DR
149.7 T ARS9,430 ARS+14.79%47.71 K—16.17583.25 ARS+45.44%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ADBEAdobe Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02272727
DR
149.7 T ARS9,080 ARS−1.89%7.43 K0.1015.57583.25 ARS+45.44%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ADBEDAdobe Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02272727
DR
149.7 T ARS5.75 USD−3.36%8890.2214.89583.25 ARS+29.59%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ADBECAdobe Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02272727
DR
149.7 T ARS5.62 USD+0.18%70.0414.56583.25 ARS+29.59%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NTESNetease Inc ADR Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1/14 Sp ADR
DR
114.95 T ARS15,380 ARS+3.15%2970.477.212,133.90 ARS+21.09%2.51%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NTES.CINetease Inc ADR Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1/14 Sp ADR
DR
114.95 T ARS15,010.00 ARS+11.19%200.407.032,133.90 ARS+21.09%2.51%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NTESDNetease Inc ADR Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1/14 Sp ADR
DR
114.95 T ARS8.69 USD−0.46%10.096.052,133.90 ARS−1.82%2.51%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TEAM.CIAtlassian Corp Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02127659 Shs A
DR
74.03 T ARS6,605.000 ARS−1.12%1190.34—−5.44 ARS+73.98%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TEAMAtlassian Corp Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02127659 Shs A
DR
74.03 T ARS5,485 ARS−15.42%13.63 K2.64—−5.44 ARS+73.98%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TEAMDAtlassian Corp Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.02127659 Shs A
DR
74.03 T ARS3.600 USD−12.41%4910.78—−5.44 ARS+78.90%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NBISNebius Group N.V. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Shs
DR
59.56 T ARS7,975 ARS+6.62%71.21 K0.23—−5.72 ARS−112.02%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NBIS.CINebius Group N.V. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Shs
DR
59.56 T ARS7,415.00 ARS−15.64%8.1 K0.93—−5.72 ARS−112.02%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NBISDNebius Group N.V. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Shs
DR
59.56 T ARS5.150 USD+7.52%2.71 K0.22—−5.72 ARS−109.75%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
NBISCNebius Group N.V. Registered Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Shs
DR
59.56 T ARS4.900 USD−7.55%150.17—−5.72 ARS−109.75%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
RBLX.CIRoblox Corp. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.5 Sh A
DR
54.63 T ARS39,100.00 ARS−4.07%860.44—−984.88 ARS−21.29%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
RBLXRoblox Corp. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.5 Sh A
DR
54.63 T ARS41,000 ARS+2.91%9570.06—−984.88 ARS−21.29%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
RBLXDRoblox Corp. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.5 Sh A
DR
54.63 T ARS26.29 USD+4.66%840.15—−984.88 ARS−9.73%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TWLOTwilio, Inc. A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0277777778 Sh
DR
51.14 T ARS9,310 ARS−0.05%3540.0829.69313.55 ARS+2,064.27%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TWLO.CITwilio, Inc. A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0277777778 Sh
DR
51.14 T ARS9,300.00 ARS−5.78%240.5429.66313.55 ARS+2,064.27%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TWLODTwilio, Inc. A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0277777778 Sh
DR
51.14 T ARS6.10 USD−1.13%8042.5729.70313.55 ARS+1,858.00%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ZMZoom Communications, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0212766 Sh A
DR
41.48 T ARS3,167.5 ARS+0.96%9770.129.66328.06 ARS+276.66%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ZM.CIZoom Communications, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0212766 Sh A
DR
41.48 T ARS3,335.000 ARS+3.33%1310.2510.17328.06 ARS+276.66%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ZMDZoom Communications, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0212766 Sh A
DR
41.48 T ARS1.980 USD−5.71%1413.938.97328.06 ARS+247.73%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRWVCoreWeave Inc Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Sh
DR
41.34 T ARS2,867.5 ARS+8.00%498.72 K2.68—−191.89 ARS−101.18%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRWV.CICoreWeave Inc Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Sh
DR
41.34 T ARS2,717.500 ARS−9.42%10.88 K3.01—−191.89 ARS−101.18%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRWVCCoreWeave Inc Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Sh
DR
41.34 T ARS1.730 USD−27.16%11——−191.89 ARS−63.13%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
CRWVDCoreWeave Inc Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.037037 Sh
DR
41.34 T ARS1.810 USD+7.74%2.06 K0.30—−191.89 ARS−63.13%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ROKURoku, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0769230769 Shs
DR
37.57 T ARS21,500 ARS+6.17%1772.3657.17376.05 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ROKU.CIRoku, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0769230769 Shs
DR
37.57 T ARS19,510.00 ARS+2.68%20.0051.88376.05 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
ROKUDRoku, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0769230769 Shs
DR
37.57 T ARS13.20 USD+0.30%441.2853.59376.05 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
DOCU.CIDocuSign, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0454545
DR
23.29 T ARS6,310.000 ARS+2.27%6001.5859.52106.01 ARS+65.56%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
DOCUDocuSign, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0454545
DR
23.29 T ARS5,850 ARS−1.18%1.23 K0.3155.18106.01 ARS+65.56%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
DOCUDDocuSign, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0454545
DR
23.29 T ARS3.920 USD−0.38%3380.9654.94106.01 ARS+52.84%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
DOCUCDocuSign, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.0454545
DR
23.29 T ARS3.750 USD+20.77%350.1552.56106.01 ARS+52.84%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TEM.CITempus AI, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.08333333 Sh A
DR
21.35 T ARS9,610.00 ARS−7.33%1770.46—−126.90 ARS−9.35%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TEMTempus AI, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.08333333 Sh A
DR
21.35 T ARS9,840 ARS−0.05%12.17 K0.62—−126.90 ARS−9.35%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
TEMDTempus AI, Inc. Shs A Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.08333333 Sh A
DR
21.35 T ARS6.33 USD−4.38%3860.36—−126.90 ARS+1.07%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SNAP.CISnap, Inc. Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1 Sh A
DR
15.5 T ARS9,270.00 ARS−0.48%1240.31—−256.93 ARS+26.24%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SNAPSnap, Inc. Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1 Sh A
DR
15.5 T ARS8,300 ARS−3.49%4.68 K0.85—−256.93 ARS+26.24%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
SNAPDSnap, Inc. Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1 Sh A
DR
15.5 T ARS5.43 USD−3.38%5051.30—−256.93 ARS+40.19%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PATHUiPath, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.5 Shs
DR
10.9 T ARS10,830 ARS−1.10%4.23 K0.395.711,895.69 ARS+2,556.90%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PATH.CIUiPath, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.5 Shs
DR
10.9 T ARS11,070.00 ARS−1.69%1.38 K9.605.841,895.69 ARS+2,556.90%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PATHDUiPath, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.5 Shs
DR
10.9 T ARS6.92 USD+0.87%450.195.421,895.69 ARS+2,352.80%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
BB.CIBlackBerry Ltd Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.3333 Shs
DR
7.93 T ARS4,587.500 ARS−3.06%2080.3073.2162.66 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
BBBlackBerry Ltd Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.3333 Shs
DR
7.93 T ARS4,735.0 ARS+1.83%21.92 K0.7675.5662.66 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
BB.DBlackBerry Ltd Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.3333 Shs
DR
7.93 T ARS3.200 USD+6.67%690.2277.1462.66 ARS—0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PBIPitney Bowes Inc Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1 Sh
DR
3.36 T ARS25,960 ARS−0.54%110.0013.891,869.32 ARS+230.50%1.49%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
PBI.CIPitney Bowes Inc Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 1 Sh
DR
3.36 T ARS26,720 ARS−0.07%30.1814.291,869.32 ARS+230.50%1.49%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
AIC3.ai, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.2 Shs
DR
2.91 T ARS3,862.5 ARS+2.73%3.48 K0.25—−874.40 ARS−55.86%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
AID.CIC3.ai, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.2 Shs
DR
2.91 T ARS2.330 ARS−7.54%680.03—−874.40 ARS−55.86%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
AIDC3.ai, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.2 Shs
DR
2.91 T ARS2.425 USD+2.54%10.01—−874.40 ARS−43.89%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan
AICC3.ai, Inc. Shs Cert Deposito Arg Repr 0.2 Shs
DR
2.91 T ARS2.480 USD+3.55%10.17—−874.40 ARS−43.89%0.00%Perkhidmatan teknologi
Tiada penarafan